Sunday, March 1, 2015

TOEFL TIPS

TIPS FOR THE TOEFL IBT

1.    Arrive prepared
If you arrive at the test centre with all of the things you need, you will feel calm and ready. When you are nervous, your memory does not work as well. Make sure you know exactly how to get to the test centre and where you can park. Bring the correct amount of money for parking. If you are writing the paper based test, you should have a number of pencils, a pencil sharpener and a few erasers that don't smudge. It is also important that your identification looks valid. If you have had problems with your ID before, make sure to bring a backup photo. Don't forget any paper work that ETS sends you to prove that you have registered.

2.    Pace yourself
Plan to arrive at the test centre at least 30 minutes ahead of time. Wear a watch. This is especially important if you are taking the paper based test. Some exam rooms do not have clocks. The iBT has a clock on the screen, however, you should still wear a watch to make sure that you arrive on time! During the exam, watch your time very closely. Many students do poorly on the TOEFL because they spend too much time on difficult questions. There is no break between the Reading and Listening section. You will get a ten minute break after the first half before the Speaking section. You will only have a short time to write the essay. Spend some time planning and checking your writing.

3.    Improve your typing skills
You will have to fill out your answers on the computer and type your essay. If you rely on a few fingers to type, consider improving your typing skills before taking the TOEFL. Make sure that you are confident typing on a QWERTY keyboard (English alphabet keyboard). If you aren't, search for typing practice drills online. Even if your typing skills are strong, try doing practice tests on other computers. Some students get so used to their own computer that they get nervous when they have to type on a new keyboard or use a different mouse on test day.


4.    Become an expert note taker
You will be able to take notes in each section as you take the TOEFL iBT. Note taking is allowed because it is an important skill you need for taking university or college courses. As you study, practise taking notes on the main idea of what you read and hear as well as on the main details. Do this throughout your day as you listen to news reports, read websites, and watch TV. Create your own shorthand for frequently used words and phrases.

5.    Answer every question
Never leave a question blank. Eliminate all of the answers you know are wrong and then make an educated guess. You have a 25% chance of getting the correct answer. When you finish a section or question, try to put it out of your mind. Whether you are reading, listening, or answering a question, put all of your concentration on the task at hand.

6.    Secrets for the Reading section

The iBT does not test grammar separately as previous TOEFL tests did. You will still need to prove that you have a strong grasp of grammar in the speaking and writing sections. It is helpful to familiarize yourself with key academic vocabulary. There are helpful textbooks for this purpose. Keep in mind that you don't need to know every word in a reading passage to answer the questions. Practise reading without a dictionary close by. When it comes to the questions, concentrate on the areas that the questions pertain to. Skim through the passage, read the questions, then read for more detail. The questions usually come in the order they appear in the passage. Anticipate the type of questions you will be asked in this section. Many of the readings have a main idea question. You will be asked at least two vocabulary questions from each reading. You will also be asked some detailed questions and some inference questions. You will not have time to reread a whole passage. Share your own secrets for the TOEFL Reading section here.

7.    Secrets for the Listening section

When you are practising for the listening sections, don't play the tape or CD more than once. On the real test you will only hear everything once. You have to train your ears to listen fully the first time. During the real exam, don't look back at a listening question after you have decided on an answer. You cannot change it. The clock will not start running until you start the answers. Learn to listen for main ideas, presentation (compare/contrast etc.), and key details. Share your own secrets for TOEFL listening section here.

8.    Secrets for the Speaking section

It is okay to hesitate for a moment or two when it is time to respond. However, it is best to fill as much of the time as possible with your response. If you have a few extra seconds you can sum things up in a short conclusion. You will lose marks for poor pronunciation, so don't try to use big words that you can't say properly. You will also lose marks for improper use of vocabulary and idioms. Make sure you know how to use an expression properly before you try to use it on the exam. Share your own secrets for the TOEFL Speaking section here.

9.    Secrets for the Writing section

Don't forget that you will have to make connections in the first part of the Writing section. Memorize phrases from practice tests that show you how to do this. The most important thing is to keep your writing simple and clear. You will not have access to a spell check function. Don't use vocabulary and punctuation that you are unsure of. Spend some time planning your essay before you write it. Your outline will save you time in the long run. When you practise for the essay, find a format that you are comfortable with. Use this format every time. For example, your thesis might always be in the third sentence of your introduction. You might always end your conclusion with a question. Make sure to use lots of examples to support your essay. Transitional words and phrases will make your writing easier to read. Memorize a list of these and practise typing them. Always leave time to review what you have written. Read your essay silently in your head as you check it. Share your own secrets for the TOEFL Writing section here.

10. Strengthen all 4 skills

Some people make the mistake of taking the test too soon. Perhaps your reading, listening, and writing skills are ready, but your speaking skills still need work. If you do very poorly on one section of the test, you will have to retake the entire test. You can't redo one section. Make sure that you are ready to take the whole test when you register.

11. Dress in comfortable clothing

Dress in comfortable layers on test day. You never know whether or not the test room will be cold or warm. Wear your favourite shirt. When you feel comfortable you perform better! Don't wear tight clothing. You have to sit in one place for a long time. Though you want to be comfortable, do take time to look your best on test day. In other words, dress for success.

12. Make sure to eat before the test


Four hours is a long time to go without a snack. You will not be allowed to bring any food or drinks into the test room with you. Eat a sensible meal before you take the test. Avoid too much caffeine as it will give you the shakes. Don't consume large amounts of sugar right before the test. You will get tired very quickly. Make sure that you have had plenty of water (but not too much as you will not want to waste time in the washroom).



Wednesday, January 21, 2015

Diagram of Tenses!!

English Tenses


Tense
Affirmative/Negative/Question
Use
Signal Words
Simple Present
A: He speaks.
N: He does not speak.
Q: Does he speak?
§  action in the present taking place once, never
§  or  several   times:
§  facts  actions taking place one after another
§  action set by a timetable or schedule
always, every …, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually
if sentences type I (If I talk, …)
A: He is speaking.
N: He is not speaking.
Q: Is he speaking?
§  action taking place in the moment of
§  speaking
§  action taking place only for a limited period of
§  time  action arranged for the future
at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, Look!, now, right now
Simple Past
A: He spoke.
N: He did not speak.
Q: Did he speak?
§  action in the past taking place once, never or
§  several  times  :
§  actions taking place one after another
§  action taking place in the middle of another
§  action
yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
if sentence type II (If I talked, …)
Past Progressive
A: He was speaking.
N: He was not speaking.
Q: Was he speaking?
§  action going on at a certain time in the past
§  actions taking place at the same time
§  action in the past that is interrupted by another
§  action
when, while, as long as
Present Perfect Simple
A: He has spoken.
N: He has not spoken.
Q: Has he spoken?
§  putting emphasis on the result
§  action that is still going on
§  action that stopped recently
§  finished action that has an influence on the present
§  action that has taken place once, never or
§  several  times  before the moment of speaking
already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
Present Perfect Progressive
A: He has been speaking.
N: He has not been speaking.
Q: Has he been speaking?
§  putting emphasis on the course or duration
§  (not the  result)
§  action that recently stopped or is still going on
§  finished action that influenced the present
all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week
Past Perfect Simple
A: He had spoken.
N: He had not spoken.
Q: Had he spoken?
§  action taking place before a certain time in the
§  past  sometimes interchangeable with past
§  perfect  progressive
§  putting emphasis only on the fact (not the
§  duration)
already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day
if sentence type III (If I had talked, …)
Past Perfect Progressive
A: He had been speaking.
N: He had not been speaking.
Q: Had he been speaking?
§  action taking place before a certain time in the
§  past  sometimes interchangeable with past
§  perfect  simple
§  putting emphasis on the duration or course of
§  an  action
for, since, the whole day, all day
Future I Simple
A: He will speak.
N: He will not speak.
Q: Will he speak?
§  action in the future that cannot be influenced
§  spontaneous decision
§  assumption with regard to the future
In a year, next …, tomorrow
If- (If you ask her, she will help you.)
assumption: I think, probably, we might …, perhaps
Future I Simple
(going to)
A: He is going to speak.
N: He is not going to speak.
Q: Is he going to speak?
§  decision made for the future
§  conclusion with regard to the future
in one year, next week, tomorrow
Future I Progressive
A: He will be speaking.
N: He will not be speaking.
Q: Will he be speaking?
§  action that is going on at a certain time in the
§  future
§  action that is sure to happen in the near future
in one year, next week, tomorrow
Future II Simple
A: He will have spoken.
N: He will not have spoken.
Q: Will he have spoken?
§  action that will be finished at a certain time in
§  the  future
by Monday, in a week
Future II Progressive
A: He will have been speaking.
N: He will not have been speaking.
Q: Will he have been speaking?
§  action taking place before a certain time in the
§  future
§  putting emphasis on the course of an action
for …, the last couple of hours, all day long
Conditional I Simple
A: He would speak.
N: He would not speak.
Q: Would he speak?
§  action that might take place
If sentences type II
(If I were you, I would go home.)
Conditional I Progressive
A: He would be speaking.
N: He would not be speaking.
Q: Would he be speaking?
§  action that might take place
§  putting emphasis on the course / duration of
§  the  action
Conditional II Simple
A: He would have spoken.
N: He would not have spoken.
Q: Would he have spoken?
§  action that might have taken place in the past
If sentences type III
(If I had seen that, I would have helped.)
Conditional II Progressive
A: He would have been speaking.
N: He would not have been speaking.
Q: Would he have been speaking?
§  action that might have taken place in the past
§  puts emphasis on the course / duration of the
§  action

English Tenses and Examples!